The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary (SBTS) Manual of Style guides academic writing, ensuring clarity and consistency for all submitted works.
This resource offers detailed guidance on formatting, citation, and scholarly conventions specific to the institution’s standards.
Access to templates and resources is available through the Global Campus Hub, supporting students and faculty in producing high-quality research.
Overview of the Manual’s Purpose
The primary purpose of the SBTS Manual of Style is to establish a uniform standard for academic writing across Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. This ensures clarity, consistency, and professionalism in all scholarly work produced by its community. The manual serves as a comprehensive guide, covering everything from fundamental formatting guidelines – margins, fonts, and spacing – to the intricacies of citation and bibliography creation.
It aims to equip students, faculty, and researchers with the necessary tools to present their ideas effectively and adhere to the rigorous expectations of academic discourse. The manual’s detailed instructions on in-text citations, footnotes, endnotes, and specific source types (books, articles, websites) minimize ambiguity and promote intellectual honesty.
Furthermore, the SBTS style manual facilitates seamless integration with research management tools like Zotero, streamlining the citation process and reducing errors. Ultimately, the manual’s overarching goal is to uphold the Seminary’s commitment to academic excellence and contribute to the advancement of theological scholarship.
History and Development of the SBTS Style

The SBTS Manual of Style evolved from a need for consistent scholarly presentation within the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary community. Initially, faculty members utilized various style guides, leading to inconsistencies in research papers and dissertations. Recognizing this, a committee was formed to develop a unified style specifically tailored to the Seminary’s academic standards.
Over time, the manual has undergone several revisions to reflect changes in academic conventions and technological advancements. The integration of tools like Zotero demonstrates this commitment to modernization, simplifying citation management for researchers. Updates also address evolving copyright regulations and fair use exemptions, ensuring compliance with legal requirements.
The manual’s development has been a collaborative effort, incorporating feedback from faculty, students, and the writing center. This iterative process ensures the SBTS style remains relevant, practical, and supportive of high-quality academic work. It continues to adapt to the needs of the Seminary’s scholarly community.

Formatting Guidelines
SBTS formatting guidelines cover essential document settings, including margins, font choices, and spacing requirements.
Specific instructions detail title page elements and abstract presentation for academic submissions.
General Document Settings (Margins, Font, Spacing)
Adhering to precise document settings is crucial for SBTS submissions. The manual dictates specific requirements for a professional and consistent appearance across all academic work. Generally, manuscripts should utilize one-inch margins on all sides – top, bottom, left, and right – ensuring ample white space for readability and potential reviewer annotations.
Regarding font, Times New Roman, 12-point size, is the standard and preferred choice. This font is widely accepted in academic circles and promotes clarity. Double-spacing is mandatory throughout the entire document, including the abstract, body text, footnotes, endnotes, and bibliography. This spacing facilitates ease of reading and allows space for editorial feedback.
Furthermore, consistent spacing after headings and subheadings is expected. Proper attention to these seemingly minor details demonstrates a commitment to scholarly precision and respect for the SBTS’s established standards. These guidelines contribute to a polished and professional presentation of research.
Title Page Requirements
The SBTS Manual of Style outlines specific requirements for the title page of all submitted academic papers. Centered on the page, the full title should be concise yet descriptive, accurately reflecting the paper’s content. Below the title, include your full name as it appears in official SBTS records.
Following your name, indicate the course name and number for which the paper is being submitted. The instructor’s name should be listed directly beneath the course information. Crucially, the submission date – month, day, and year – must also be included.
No running heads or page numbers are required on the title page itself. Ensure all information is accurately formatted and presented professionally. Adherence to these guidelines demonstrates attention to detail and respect for academic conventions. The title page serves as the initial impression of your work, so clarity and precision are paramount.
Abstract Formatting
The SBTS Manual of Style dictates a precise format for abstracts accompanying research papers. Positioned on a separate page immediately following the title page, the word “Abstract” should be centered at the top. Abstracts should be concise summaries, typically limited to 150-, encapsulating the paper’s core arguments, methodology, and key findings.
Written in a clear and accessible style, the abstract should be self-contained, requiring no prior knowledge of the topic. Avoid including citations or extensive details; focus on providing a high-level overview. Single-space the abstract text, and maintain standard margins as defined in the general document settings.
The purpose of the abstract is to allow readers to quickly assess the paper’s relevance to their own research. A well-crafted abstract significantly enhances the discoverability and impact of your scholarly work.

Citation and Bibliography
SBTS style emphasizes meticulous source attribution through in-text citations, footnotes, endnotes, and a comprehensive bibliography.
Zotero integration streamlines this process, ensuring accuracy and adherence to the manual’s guidelines.
In-Text Citation Methods
The SBTS Manual of Style dictates specific methods for incorporating sources directly into the body of academic work. Generally, it employs a modified Chicago style, prioritizing clarity and minimizing disruption to the reading flow. Author-date citations are commonly used, presenting the author’s last name and publication year within parentheses – for example, (Smith 2023).
When directly quoting material, a page number must be included: (Smith 2023, 45). For works with no identified author, use a shortened title in place of the author’s name. If a source is referenced multiple times in close succession, a shortened citation may be permissible after the full citation has been established.
It’s crucial to consistently apply these methods throughout the entire document. Zotero can significantly aid in managing and correctly formatting these in-text citations, reducing errors and ensuring adherence to SBTS standards. Refreshing citations within Zotero after making edits is highly recommended.
Footnotes and Endnotes
The SBTS Manual of Style allows for the use of both footnotes and endnotes, primarily for supplementary information that doesn’t fit seamlessly within the main text. These can include elaborations, clarifications, or additional details relevant to the argument. Footnotes appear at the bottom of the page, while endnotes are gathered at the end of the chapter or the entire document.
When using notes, consistency is key. Numbering should be sequential throughout the paper. The first note referencing a source should include full bibliographic information, following the style guidelines for the specific source type. Subsequent notes referencing the same source can utilize a shortened form.
Zotero can automatically generate correctly formatted footnotes and endnotes, streamlining the citation process. Remember to refresh citations within Zotero to ensure accuracy after any document modifications. Careful attention to note formatting enhances the overall scholarly presentation.
Bibliography Compilation
The SBTS Manual of Style requires a comprehensive bibliography at the end of every research paper, listing all sources cited within the text. This list demonstrates scholarly rigor and allows readers to verify the sources used. Entries must be alphabetized by the author’s last name, and formatted according to the specific guidelines for each source type – books, articles, websites, and so on.
Consistency in formatting is paramount. Pay close attention to punctuation, capitalization, and indentation. Zotero significantly simplifies bibliography creation, automatically generating entries in the correct SBTS style. However, always double-check the generated bibliography for accuracy.
If the bibliography doesn’t appear correctly formatted in Word, select the entire list and choose “Bibliography Citations” from the style menu. Refreshing the bibliography within Zotero ensures all changes are reflected.
Specific Source Types (Books, Articles, Websites)
The SBTS Manual of Style provides distinct formatting rules for various source types. Books generally require author, title, publication city, publisher, and year. Articles necessitate author, article title, journal name, volume, issue, page numbers, and DOI (if available). Website citations demand author (if known), site title, article title, URL, and access date.

Detailed examples for each source type are crucial for accurate citation. Pay attention to capitalization within titles and the proper use of italics. Zotero automatically adapts to these specific requirements, but manual verification is always recommended.
Ensure consistency across all entries of the same source type. The manual offers precise guidelines to navigate the nuances of citing diverse materials, maintaining scholarly integrity.

Using Zotero with SBTS Style
Zotero integration streamlines SBTS style formatting, automatically generating citations and bibliographies. Refreshing citations corrects inconsistencies, ensuring adherence to the manual’s guidelines.
Zotero Integration for SBTS Formatting
Zotero significantly simplifies the application of the SBTS Manual of Style to research papers and dissertations. The software seamlessly integrates with word processors, automating the often-tedious process of citation and bibliography creation. Users can select the appropriate SBTS style within Zotero, and the program will then format citations in-text and compile a complete bibliography according to the manual’s specifications.
However, occasional formatting discrepancies may occur. If the bibliography doesn’t appear correctly, selecting the entire bibliography and choosing “Bibliography Citations” from the style menu in Word can resolve the issue. Furthermore, the “Refresh” button on the Zotero toolbar is crucial; it ensures that footnotes and the bibliography are updated dynamically as changes are made to the document. Regularly refreshing, especially after completing the paper, helps catch and correct any lingering oddities, guaranteeing a polished and compliant final product.
Troubleshooting Zotero Style Issues
Despite Zotero’s robust integration with the SBTS Manual of Style, users may encounter occasional formatting challenges. A common issue involves bibliographies appearing incorrectly formatted. The first step is to select the entire bibliography within your document and, from the Word style menu, re-apply “Bibliography Citations” using the SBTS style. This often corrects minor inconsistencies;
If problems persist, utilize Zotero’s “Refresh” function. Located on the Zotero toolbar, this feature rescans the document, identifying and rectifying citation and bibliography errors. It’s particularly effective after substantial edits or additions to the paper. Remember to refresh not only after making changes, but also as a final check before submission. Consistent refreshing minimizes the risk of submitting a document with improperly formatted citations, ensuring adherence to SBTS standards and maintaining academic integrity.
Refreshing Citations and Bibliographies in Zotero
Maintaining accurate citations and a correctly formatted bibliography is crucial when using Zotero with the SBTS Manual of Style. Zotero doesn’t always automatically update citations after every edit. Therefore, regularly “refreshing” your document is essential. This process instructs Zotero to re-evaluate all citations and the bibliography, ensuring they align with the SBTS style guidelines.

To refresh, simply click the “Refresh” button on the Zotero toolbar within your word processor. This is especially important after adding, deleting, or modifying citations, or after making significant changes to the document’s structure. It’s also highly recommended to refresh the document one final time immediately before submission. This final sweep helps catch any lingering inconsistencies, guaranteeing your work meets the SBTS’s exacting standards for academic presentation and proper source attribution.

Templates and Resources
SBTS provides readily available templates for research papers and book reviews, streamlining the formatting process.
These resources, alongside citation guides and the SBTS Manual of Style, are accessible on the Global Campus Hub.
Available Templates for Research Papers
Southern Seminary’s Writing Center offers dedicated research paper templates designed to align perfectly with the SBTS Manual of Style guidelines. These templates are invaluable tools, providing a pre-formatted structure that significantly simplifies the writing process for students and faculty alike.
Utilizing these templates ensures adherence to crucial elements such as margin requirements, font specifications, and appropriate spacing, minimizing formatting errors. The templates encompass sections for the title page, abstract, body of the paper, and bibliography, all meticulously crafted to meet SBTS standards.
Accessing these resources is straightforward; navigate to the “Writing Resources” section on the Boyce Online Global Campus Hub. There, you’ll find direct links to download the templates, alongside comprehensive guides on their effective use. Employing these templates isn’t merely about convenience; it’s about demonstrating a commitment to scholarly rigor and presenting work that reflects the high academic standards of Southern Baptist Theological Seminary.
Templates for Book Reviews
Alongside research paper templates, the Southern Seminary Writing Center provides specialized templates for crafting insightful book reviews, adhering strictly to the SBTS Manual of Style. These templates are specifically designed to guide authors through the unique requirements of academic book review writing, ensuring a structured and comprehensive evaluation of the chosen work.
The book review templates incorporate sections for summarizing the book’s central arguments, critically analyzing its strengths and weaknesses, and offering a balanced assessment of its contribution to the field. They also provide guidance on proper citation formatting, essential for acknowledging the author’s ideas and sources.

Like the research paper templates, these resources are readily available on the Global Campus Hub under the “Writing Resources” section. Utilizing these templates streamlines the review process and guarantees adherence to SBTS’s stylistic expectations, fostering clear, concise, and academically sound book reviews.
Accessing Writing Resources on the Global Campus Hub
The Boyce Online Global Campus Hub serves as a central repository for all writing support materials related to the SBTS Manual of Style. Students and faculty can easily locate essential resources designed to enhance their academic writing skills and ensure compliance with institutional standards.
Within the “Writing Resources” section, users will find direct links to research paper and book review templates, comprehensive citation guides, the complete SBTS Manual of Style itself, and exemplary sample papers demonstrating proper formatting and scholarly conventions.
Navigating this hub provides a streamlined experience for accessing the tools needed to produce high-quality academic work. The quick guides available walk users through utilizing the provided templates, ensuring a clear understanding of the expectations for both research papers and book reviews. This centralized access promotes consistency and excellence in writing across the Southern Seminary community.

Copyright and Fair Use
Academic integrity demands understanding copyright law. The SBTS Manual of Style addresses fair use exemptions for research, ensuring ethical and legal scholarly practices.
Understanding Copyright in Academic Writing
Copyright law protects the rights of creators, granting them exclusive control over their original works. In academic writing, respecting copyright is paramount. The SBTS Manual of Style emphasizes the importance of acknowledging the intellectual property of others through proper citation and attribution.
Understanding copyright extends beyond simply avoiding plagiarism. It involves recognizing the various forms of intellectual property – including text, images, data, and multimedia – and obtaining necessary permissions when using copyrighted material beyond fair use guidelines.
Failure to adhere to copyright regulations can result in serious consequences, including legal penalties and academic sanctions. The SBTS Manual of Style provides guidance on navigating these complexities, ensuring that students and faculty can conduct research and publish their work ethically and legally. A concise introduction to copyright matters is available as a resource.
Fair Use Exemptions for Research
Fair use doctrine permits limited use of copyrighted material without permission for purposes such as criticism, commentary, scholarship, and research. The SBTS Manual of Style acknowledges these exemptions, but stresses careful application.
Determining fair use involves a four-factor analysis: the purpose and character of the use, the nature of the copyrighted work, the amount and substantiality of the portion used, and the effect of the use on the potential market.
Academic research often relies on fair use, particularly when quoting or paraphrasing sources for analytical purposes. However, simply claiming fair use is insufficient; justification must be demonstrable. The SBTS Manual of Style encourages consulting with faculty or the library for guidance on complex copyright issues and ensuring compliance with legal standards. A brief introduction to fair use exemptions is available.